Faults of Woven and Knit Fabric

Faults of weave textile Bar It is a band running crosswise the full width of cloth. Pick sedan cod ti difference in election spacing Tension-bar receivable to difference in weft tension Weft-bar due to difference in material count, twist etc Box marks The causes of box marks be perversive box Shuttle riding over the weft Dirty shuttle Dirty picking and ticks Broken pattern It occurs due to unseasonable drawing of threads insertion of thee pick, incorrect lifting of warp threads. Broken pick A pick missing of the fabric, due to rough shuttle eyes, brusk winding and weft yarn breakage. Defective selvage Curled selvageCut selvedges Loppy selvedges Slack selvedges Pulled selvedge Tight selvedge unmatched selvedge Float stitches A place where warp and weft yarns escape the infallible interlacement. If occurs for improper warp stop motion. Fuzzy it occurs for the present of hairy and abraded yarns. cite pick A pick which is out of line and is a trilateral shape. Missing end s Gap of warp yarns is the main causes Reed marks ascribable to this fault cloth shows secondment spacing between groups of warp yarns across the fabric width. Shuttle marks Width way marks due to abrasion of warp yarns by the shuttle. StainMajor problems on woven fabric Oil, Dust, Soil, Carbon particles in the air may cause stains. Uneven cloth It produced when take up motion is faulty, broken ratchet cycle is to a fault responsible. Some mechanical faults Reed marks Shuttle flight of stairs out Shuttle trapping Loom hanging Loom lemniscus Weft cutting Bumping Knitting Faults Holes Holes are the result of yarn breakage. It occurs for the succeeding(a) causes Uneven yarn Badly set of yarn feeder Knots, slubs etc in yarn Yarn tension is also high Yarn is too dry Drop stitches Those are the result of a defective needle. It also occurs when a yarn is not properly fed during stitch formation.framework fall out it is an area consisting of drop sitiches lying side by side. Snags I t occurs when filament yarns are processing. It occurs for higher twist and lesser crimp elasticity. prongy stitches These occur due to badly knitted or non-knitted loops. Vertical stripe It is observed as longitudinal gaps in the fabric. When the space between Wales is irregular it occurs. Horizontal stripes Horizontal stripes are caused by variableness in the courses. Soil stripes Soil stripes can attend both in the direction of Wales as well as courses. likeness fly Color fly consists of singe fibres, brunches of fibre of yarn pieces in varying colors.Distorted stitches Due to it if become unsettled fabric and fabric appearance is skitter. Write about BAN (Barium Activity Number) Barium action at law Number = (? Ba(OH)? _2 Absorbed by mercerised cotton material)/(? Ba(OH)? _2 Absorbed by unmercerised cotton material) BAN is always greater than deoxycytidine monophosphate Standard hold of BAN 115 135 Highly mercerized range one hundred forty 150 possible If BAN 115, Mer cerization wille be uneven Write ablout irrigate roughness Hardness is a term applied to water denoting a measurement of its PH and metal salt contest. Classification of water harmonise to hardness DescriptionTotal hardness (Degree)Very soft 0 40 flossy 5 80 Shild 9-140 Fairly hard 15 -180 Hard 19 -300 Very hard 300 Determination of water hardness The sideline Reagents are required for hardness measermet Buffer solution EDTA (Ethelene Diaminoalkane Tetraacetate ) (. 02 N or . 01 M) Indicator solution 0. 05 gm (Solochromo black WDFA) Mixture of alcohol and tri-ethanol amine Calcium solution Take 1 gm CaCO3 and dried at 1650C Cover with clock glass and add water (50-100 ml) Add 20. 5 ml HCl Warm and next Cool Transfer to one litre volumetric flask Determination of total Hardness Total Hardness = (T? 1000)/V mg/L CaCO3 Where, V = Wt. f solution (50 -100) into conical breaker T = Total amount of EDTA used to get flushed tinge disappear. Weight loss in Pre-treatment The exer cising weight of unscoured and scoured were interpreted separately at the same moisture content and then weight loos is measured in %. Weight loss = (Wt. of Unscoured fabric-Wt. of Scoured fabric )/(Wt. of Unscoured fabric) ? 100% Standard range of Weight loss = 4 8% cloth and knit (Questions) Faults of woven and knit fabric. Different variables of woven fabric. BAN (Bariem occupation number) Hardness measurement of H2O. Wt. loss in pre-treatment (Scouring, bleaching, desizing etc)